Screening of minimal inhibitory & fungicidal concentration (MIC & MFC) Of Purified Thurusu ( Copper Sulphate)

  • Ethel Shiny S Associate Professor & HOD, Department of Gunapadam - Marunthiyal , Santhigiri Siddha Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala.
  • Bharath Christian Assistant Professor, Department of Maruthuvam , Santhigiri Siddha Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala.
  • Gomathi P Assistant Professor, Department of Varmam, Pura Maruthuvam and Sirappu Maruthuvam , Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.124583/jrbms.v5i1.115
Keywords: Thurusu, MIC and MFC , Pre- clinical studies, Anti-fungal

Abstract

Thurusu or  Crude copper sulphate(CuSo4) or is used as a raw drug in Siddha system of Medicine, it is available in nature and prepared synthetically by boiling Copper with Sulfuric acid. Chemically it exists in two forms hydrated form copper sulphate pentahydrate, it is blue in colour and anhydrous form copper sulphate ,it is pale green or grey white in colour. It is used after purification as a single drug or one of the ingredients in some metallo mineral formulations, it is widely used for external applications and internal formulations it has astringent, emetic, tonic, caustic and antiseptic actions, thurusu is normally used to heal ulcers, ulcers in male genital organ, eye diseases, tiridhodam etc .

            Hence in this pretext the fungicidal  concentration of purified thurusu is validated by Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) methods.The MFC test allows determination of the minimum concentration of an agent necessary to achieve a  fungicidal effect. It is worth noting, however, that the duration of time the antimicrobial is in contact with the test organism is quite long for this method, on the order of 18 hours. Thus, the test truly does determine the minimum concentration needed to kill the test organism, since all other parameters are conducive to biocidal effect. The MFC test can be a good and relatively inexpensive tool to rank a great number of antimicrobial agents by potency, for screening purposes. The MFC test can be used to evaluate formulation problems wherein the formulator suspects that the active ingredient is being “bound up” by other ingredients. The theory is that the MFC will be worse for a formula that has a portion of its active ingredient chemically combined with other ingredients, thus not available to kill microorganisms in the suspension.

References

1. Drugs and Cosmetics act 1940 with Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, (Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi) (2016) p. 317.
2. Subbarayappa BV. Chemical practices and alchemy. In: Bose DM, Sen SN, Subbarayappa BV, editors. A Concise History of Science in India. New Delhi: Indian National Science Academy.
3. Lane, T. W., and F. M. Morel. 2000. A biological function for cadmium in marine diatoms, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 97: 4627-31.
4. Sundararajan SR, Subramanian S. Qualitative assessment of Kayathirumeni- a Siddha medicated oil as a remedy for arthritic pain.
5. Sen CK, Khanna S, Venojarvi M, Trikha P, Ellison EC, Hunt TK, Roy S. Copper-induced vascular endothelial growth factor expression and wound healing. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2002 May; 282(5):H1821-7. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart. 01015.2001. PMID: 11959648.
6. Pharmocpoeial Laboratory for Indian Medicine (PLIM) Guideline for standardization and evaluation of Indian medicine which include drugs of Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha systems. Department of AYUSH Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India.
7. Dhanalakshmi R, Sureka A, Madhavan R. Standardization and Comparative Analysis of Metalloid Based Novel Siddha Preparation Thurusu. Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci. 2018; 4 (5): 24-9.
8. Subbarayappa BV. Siddha medicine: an overview. The Lancet. 1997 Dec 20; 350(9094): 1841-4.R.
9. Thiagarajan, Gunapaadam- Thathu Jeeva Vaguppu, Department of Indian Medicine and Homeopathy Publishers, B.I.M., 4th edition, 2004.
10. Arunadevi R, Susila R, Murugammal S, Divya S. Preparation and standardization of Mathan Tailam: A classical Siddha formulation for diabetic ulcerative wound healing. Journal of Ayurveda and integrative medicine. 2020 Jan 1; 11(1):10-5.
11. Sharma PV. Siddha medicine. In: Sharma PV, editor. History of Medicine in India. New Delhi: The Indian National Science Academy; 1992. pp. 445–50.
12. Arunvanan, M. & Ramkumar, G.G. & Kumar, Sasi & Subramanian, A. & Mathiaas, M.. (2012). Anti- microbial activity of "Thurusu thaivelai karukku" in the management of respiratory diseases. 4. 10-11.
Published
2023-03-26
How to Cite
1.
Ethel Shiny S, Bharath Christian, Gomathi P. Screening of minimal inhibitory & fungicidal concentration (MIC & MFC) Of Purified Thurusu ( Copper Sulphate). J Res Bio Med Sci [Internet]. 2023Mar.26 [cited 2025Apr.22];5(1):136-40. Available from: http://biosci.in/index.php/jrbms/article/view/115
Issue
Vol 5 No 1 (2023): Jan-Mar
Section
Articles

Copyright and Licensing

For all articles published inJRBMS journal, copyright is retained by the authors. Articles are licensed under an open access Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 licenses, meaning that anyone may download and read the paper for free. In addition, the article may be reused and quoted provided that the original published version is cited. These conditions allow for maximum use and exposure of the work, while ensuring that the authors receive proper credit.

In exceptional circumstances articles may be licensed differently. If you have specific condition (such as one linked to funding) that does not allow this license, please mention this to the editorial office of the journal at submission. Exceptions will be granted at the discretion of the publisher.

Reproducing Published Material from other Publishers

It is absolutely essential that authors obtain permission to reproduce any published material (figures, schemes, tables or any extract of a text) which does not fall into the public domain, or for which they do not hold the copyright. Permission should be requested by the authors from the copyright holder (usually the Publisher, please refer to the imprint of the individual publications to identify the copyright holder).

Permission is required for:

  1. Your own works published by other Publishers and for which you did not retain copyright.
  2. Substantial extracts from anyones' works or a series of works.
  3. Use of Tables, Graphs, Charts, Schemes and Artworks if they are unaltered or slightly modified.
  4. Photographs for which you do not hold copyright.

Permission is not required for:

  1. Reconstruction of your own table with data already published elsewhere. Please notice that in this case you must cite the source of the data in the form of either "Data from..." or "Adapted from...".
  2. Reasonably short quotes are considered fair use and therefore do not require permission.
  3. Graphs, Charts, Schemes and Artworks that are completely redrawn by the authors and significantly changed beyond recognition do not require permission.

Obtaining Permission

In order to avoid unnecessary delays in the publication process, you should start obtaining permissions as early as possible. If in any doubt about the copyright, apply for permission. IJRPHR cannot publish material from other publications without permission.

The copyright holder may give you instructions on the form of acknowledgment to be followed; otherwise follow the style: "Reproduced with permission from [author], [book/journal title]; published by [publisher], [year].' at the end of the caption of the Table, Figure or Scheme.