Evaluation of In-vivo anti-inflammatory and In-vitro Immunomodulatory activity of a Siddha drug, Rajaloga Naatharasa Parpam
Abstract
Introduction
The metallo-mineral based anti-inflammatory drugs are the current need for the healthcare and current world depends on more that 80% of peoples used the herb based drug for their primary clinical needs. The present study is needed due to the gradient rise of Rheumatological disorders globally due to its lifestyle changes. To overcome this, immunomodifier is also essential for this case.
Methods
The anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory action of the drug Rajaloga naatharasa parpam was studied using carrageenan induced inflammatory study and Immunomodulatory studies using RAW 264.7 cells
Results
In the carrageen induced anti-inflammatory activity, the drug Rajaloga naatharasa parpam showed an significant decrease in the paw edema volume in animal models with dose of 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg in rats where indomethacin were used as a standard.. Then paw volume is siginificant of ∗∗ p < 0.01 when compared to control. The Immunomodulatory action in RAW 264.7 cells shows a significant reduction in nitrate level which reduces further inflammations.
Conclusion
Rajaloga naatharasa parpam showing a potent effect in engulfing inflammation and provokes immunity as well and this could be used for the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders.
References
2. WHO | Rheumatism [Internet]. [cited 2019 Oct 10]. Available from: https://www.who.int/musculoskeletal/arthritis/en/
3. Nirmal SA, Patel AP, Bhawar SB, Pattan SR. Antihistaminic and antiallergic actions of extracts of Solanum nigrum berries: possible role in the treatment of asthma. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012 Jun 26;142(1):91–7.
4. Maqbool F, Bahadar H, Hassani S, Niaz K, Baeeri M, Rahimifard M, et al. Biochemical evidence on the potential role of methyl mercury in hepatic glucose metabolism through inflammatory signaling and free radical pathways. J Cell Biochem. 2019 Sep;120(9):16195–205.
5. Sulphur dioxide ameliorates colitis related pathophysiology and inflammation. - PubMed - NCBI [Internet]. [cited 2019 Oct 10]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30503585
6. Palagarai (Cypraea Moneta antiinflammatory - A review, Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Science, Vol 41 (2), April 2012, 121-123.
7. Assimiti D. The Use of Beetroot as Natural Solutions for Reducing Inflammation - Case Studies from Thailand (P12-046-19). Curr Dev Nutr. 2019 Jun;3(Suppl 1).
8. Raheema AS, Aswini C, Sathya M, Merish S and Walter TM: In-vitro anti-inflammatory screening of a poly herbal siddha medicine, “ashwathi chooranam”. Int J Pharm Sci & Res 2014; 5(10): 4395-99. doi: 10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.5(10).4395-99.
9. WHO guidelines for assessing quality of herbal medicines with reference to contaminants and residues [Internet]. [cited 2019 Jun 16]. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/43510
10. Bhat BB, Udupa N, Sreedhar D. Herbal Products Regulations in a few countries - A brief Overview. Curr Drug Discov Technol. 2018 Nov 4;
11. Chawla R, Thakur P, Chowdhry A, Jaiswal S, Sharma A, Goel R, et al. Evidence based herbal drug standardization approach in coping with challenges of holistic management of diabetes: a dreadful lifestyle disorder of 21st century. J Diabetes Metab Disord [Internet]. 2013 Jul 4 [cited 2019 Jun 15];12:35. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3751117/
Copyright and Licensing
For all articles published inJRBMS journal, copyright is retained by the authors. Articles are licensed under an open access Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 licenses, meaning that anyone may download and read the paper for free. In addition, the article may be reused and quoted provided that the original published version is cited. These conditions allow for maximum use and exposure of the work, while ensuring that the authors receive proper credit.
In exceptional circumstances articles may be licensed differently. If you have specific condition (such as one linked to funding) that does not allow this license, please mention this to the editorial office of the journal at submission. Exceptions will be granted at the discretion of the publisher.
Reproducing Published Material from other Publishers
It is absolutely essential that authors obtain permission to reproduce any published material (figures, schemes, tables or any extract of a text) which does not fall into the public domain, or for which they do not hold the copyright. Permission should be requested by the authors from the copyright holder (usually the Publisher, please refer to the imprint of the individual publications to identify the copyright holder).
Permission is required for:
- Your own works published by other Publishers and for which you did not retain copyright.
- Substantial extracts from anyones' works or a series of works.
- Use of Tables, Graphs, Charts, Schemes and Artworks if they are unaltered or slightly modified.
- Photographs for which you do not hold copyright.
Permission is not required for:
- Reconstruction of your own table with data already published elsewhere. Please notice that in this case you must cite the source of the data in the form of either "Data from..." or "Adapted from...".
- Reasonably short quotes are considered fair use and therefore do not require permission.
- Graphs, Charts, Schemes and Artworks that are completely redrawn by the authors and significantly changed beyond recognition do not require permission.
Obtaining Permission
In order to avoid unnecessary delays in the publication process, you should start obtaining permissions as early as possible. If in any doubt about the copyright, apply for permission. IJRPHR cannot publish material from other publications without permission.
The copyright holder may give you instructions on the form of acknowledgment to be followed; otherwise follow the style: "Reproduced with permission from [author], [book/journal title]; published by [publisher], [year].' at the end of the caption of the Table, Figure or Scheme.








