Siddha Medicines as a Source of Treatment in Arthritis- a review
Abstract
Arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects several parts of the joints including cartilage, synovium of tendons and muscles. Worldwide, musculoskeletal disorders represent a global threat to healthy ageing, and are ranked as the second most common cause of disability. Though conventional treatment options for this condition have improved in terms of effectiveness, the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like etoricoxib, disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) like methotrexate, sulphasalazine, leflunomide, hydroxychloroquine, and corticosteroids like prednisolone, methylprednisolone have all been associated with adverse effects. Because of this reason, patients suffering from chronic musculoskeletal disorders are likely to seek alternative methods for symptomatic relief and are amongst the highest users of complementary and alternative medicine. Therefore, development of new and more powerful drugs with fewer side effects is needed. Large numbers of studies reporting the use of herbal drugs for arthritis, this is the first study reporting the use of Siddha compound formulations in clinical trial and pre-clinical trial. This review includes Siddha compound formulations having analgesic, anti- inflammatory, anti- arthritic, immuno-modulatory activity.
References
2. Azad CS, Singh A, Singh M, Chaudhary P. OSTEOARTHRITIS IN INDIA : AN EPIDEMIOLOGIC ASPECT. 2017;(October). doi:10.24327/IJRSR
3. Bansal M. Rheumatoid Arthritis Research in India: A Scientometric Assessment of Publications during 2007-2016. Orthop Res Online J. 2018;3(1):193-199. doi:10.31031/oproj.2018.03.000552
4. Ghawte SA, Nikhat S, Ahmad J, Mulla G. Withania somnifera L . Dunal A potential herb for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. 2014;3(1):98-102.
5. Velpandian V, Kumar MP, Anbu N, Kanakavalli K. Clinical Evaluation of Siddha Drug Gowri Chinthamani Chendooram in the Management of Osteoarthritis. 2013;(1):26-32.
6. Ram Krishna Rao M, Angappan G, Ganesan RS, Manoharan SK, Jha NK. The clinical efficacy of “Kodasuri veeravaippu” (a sidhha formulation) in patients affected by the disease ‘Keelvayu’ (Arthritis). Der Pharm Lett. 2014;6(1):71-77.
7. Singh S. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. Age (Omaha). 2015;20(18):60yrs. doi:10.20959/wjpr201818-13662
8. Meena R, Ramaswamy RS. Treatment of UthiravathaSuronitham ( Rheumatoid Arthritis ) with a Siddha Compound Formulation - A Case Study . 2015;5(9):50-52.
9. Krishna Rao MR, Ganesan A, Ganesan RS, Manoharan SK, Jha NK. Kodasuri veeravaippu’ a sidha preparation, against carrageenan induced pawedema and cotton pellet induced granuloma in albino rats. Der Pharm Lett. 2013;5(6):99-104.
10. Karthikeyan A, Sivasaravanan KS, Gnanavel IS, Prakash D, Velpandian V. I S S N 2278 – 4357 Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Milagaranai Ver Chooranam ( Root of Toddalia Asiatica ) in Rodents. 2014;3(5):1583-1594.
11. Parthiban P, Kanagavalli K, Sathiyarajeswaran P, Anbu J, Krishnaprakash G. Antiarthritic Activity of Kanthaga Parpam ( KP ) ( Official Siddha Drug ) in Complete Freund ’ s Adjuvant ( CFA ) Induced Arthritic rats. Int J Pharma Res Rev. 2013;2(5):1-7.
12. Arulkumaran S, Ramprasath VR, Shanthi P, Sachdanandam P. Free radical quenching and immunomodulatory effect of a modified siddha preparation, kalpaamruthaa. J Heal Sci. 2007;53(2):170-176. doi:10.1248/jhs.53.170
13. Journal I, Medicine A. 1. Ph.D Scholar, 2. Professor and Head, Sirappu Maruthuvam Department, National Institute of Siddha, Chennai-47. 2012;3(1):11-15.
14. Journal I, Sciences P, Merlin V. ( impure sodium carbonate ). 2018;(September):2-4.
15. Vinutha T, S GK, Yr M, G SC. Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of Siddha classical medicine Changan Ilai Kudineer. 2019;1(2):0-5.
16. Kabilan N. In vivo Evaluation of Analgesic , Antipyretic and Anti-inflammatory potential of Siddha Formulation Natural and Synthetic Pooraparpam in selective Rodent Model In vivo Evaluation of Analgesic , Antipyretic and Anti-inflammatory potential of Siddha Formula. 2017;(May). doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.20838.63042
17. V Murugan, Thomas M Walter, S Sulfin Nihar, B Sampath Kumar. Pharmacological evaluation of the Anti-inflammatory activity of Sangu Parpam (Conch) – A Siddha Medicine. Siddha Pap. 2008;3(2):1-10.
18. Kalaiselvan S, Rasool MK. The anti-inflammatory effect of triphala in arthritic-induced rats. Pharm Biol. 2015;53(1):51-60. doi:10.3109/13880209.2014.910237
19. Science H. ASIAN JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH Available online at http://www.asianjir.com. 2016;1(2):6-10.
20. Singh S. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. Age (Omaha). 2015;20(1):60yrs. doi:10.20959/wjpr20191-13775
21. Rajalakshmi P, Vadivel V, Brindha P. Investigation of in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of selected siddha polyherbal formulations. Indian J Pharm Educ Res. 2017;51(4):S747-S753. doi:10.5530/ijper.51.4s.108
22. Sathya M, Merish S, Walter TM. In-Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Screening Of A Poly Herbal Siddha Traditional Siddha Indian Medicine has many such. 2014;(October):1-6. doi:10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.5(10).4395-99
Copyright and Licensing
For all articles published inJRBMS journal, copyright is retained by the authors. Articles are licensed under an open access Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 licenses, meaning that anyone may download and read the paper for free. In addition, the article may be reused and quoted provided that the original published version is cited. These conditions allow for maximum use and exposure of the work, while ensuring that the authors receive proper credit.
In exceptional circumstances articles may be licensed differently. If you have specific condition (such as one linked to funding) that does not allow this license, please mention this to the editorial office of the journal at submission. Exceptions will be granted at the discretion of the publisher.
Reproducing Published Material from other Publishers
It is absolutely essential that authors obtain permission to reproduce any published material (figures, schemes, tables or any extract of a text) which does not fall into the public domain, or for which they do not hold the copyright. Permission should be requested by the authors from the copyright holder (usually the Publisher, please refer to the imprint of the individual publications to identify the copyright holder).
Permission is required for:
- Your own works published by other Publishers and for which you did not retain copyright.
- Substantial extracts from anyones' works or a series of works.
- Use of Tables, Graphs, Charts, Schemes and Artworks if they are unaltered or slightly modified.
- Photographs for which you do not hold copyright.
Permission is not required for:
- Reconstruction of your own table with data already published elsewhere. Please notice that in this case you must cite the source of the data in the form of either "Data from..." or "Adapted from...".
- Reasonably short quotes are considered fair use and therefore do not require permission.
- Graphs, Charts, Schemes and Artworks that are completely redrawn by the authors and significantly changed beyond recognition do not require permission.
Obtaining Permission
In order to avoid unnecessary delays in the publication process, you should start obtaining permissions as early as possible. If in any doubt about the copyright, apply for permission. IJRPHR cannot publish material from other publications without permission.
The copyright holder may give you instructions on the form of acknowledgment to be followed; otherwise follow the style: "Reproduced with permission from [author], [book/journal title]; published by [publisher], [year].' at the end of the caption of the Table, Figure or Scheme.








